Slovenia (SI)

50 km/h in urban areas (built-up areas — settlements); 90 km/h on rural roads outside settlements; 110 km/h on expressways (hitre ceste); 130 km/h on motorways (avtoceste). Speed cameras (radarji) are widely deployed on motorways and major roads. AMZS (Slovenian Automobile Association) publishes real-time speed camera locations.

0.5 g/L BAC for general drivers. 0.0 g/L for: drivers under 21, professional drivers, drivers with less than 3 years' licence holding, and drivers carrying dangerous goods. Roadside breathalyser tests are conducted regularly by traffic police. Exceeding 1.5 g/L is a criminal offence.

Handheld mobile phone use while driving is strictly prohibited. Fine: €250+, 3 penalty points. Hands-free (Bluetooth or car system) is permitted. Using a phone at traffic lights or in traffic jams is also prohibited. Enforcement by traffic police is active.

Compulsory for all occupants in all seats at all times. Children must use appropriate child seats. Fine for not wearing: €120–250.

Children under 12 years old and/or under 150 cm must use a child safety seat appropriate for their weight and height. Seat must be certified under ECE R44 or ECE R129 (i-Size) standard. Children under 3 years may not travel in the front seat without an approved rear-facing seat with the airbag deactivated.

All vehicles in Slovenia must be registered (registracija vozila) with the Upravna enota. Registration must be renewed annually (prometno dovoljenje — vehicle registration document). The annual registration fee depends on vehicle power output and CO₂ emissions. You must show proof of valid ZZZAO insurance when registering/renewing. Vehicles failing the technical inspection (tehnični pregled — mandatory every 2 years for most passenger cars, every year for older vehicles) cannot be renewed until defects are corrected.

Third-party motor liability insurance (Obvezno zavarovanje avtomobilske odgovornosti — ZZZAO) is mandatory for all vehicles registered in Slovenia. This is the minimum legal requirement. Without it, the vehicle cannot be driven on public roads or registered. Green card (zelena karta — insurance certificate) is issued by the insurer and must be carried in the vehicle for international travel. Compare annual premiums at e-zavarovalnica.si or primerjam.si.

Slovenia levies a vehicle tax based on engine power (moč motorja in kW) and CO₂ emissions at the time of first registration (enkratni registracijski davek — not applicable for older vehicles already registered). Annual vehicle registration fee (letna storitev registracije): approximately €30–200 depending on engine and age. Road user charges (e-vinjeta): compulsory annual, half-year, monthly, weekly, or daily vignette for all motorway and expressway use.

Technical inspection (tehnični pregled — TP): mandatory for all passenger vehicles. Frequency: every 2 years for newer cars (under 4 years old: first inspection at 4 years); every year for vehicles over 10 years old. Conducted at authorised inspection centres (AMZS, AVP, Slovenian Automobile Association centres). Cost: €40–70 per inspection. Vehicles that fail receive a repair list — re-inspection required within a set period. Check due dates on your prometno dovoljenje.

• •Cycling on the pavement (sidewalk) is generally not permitted for adults — use dedicated cycle lanes (kolesarske steze) or the road.
• •Helmet: not legally mandatory for adults, but strongly recommended. Mandatory for children under 14.
• •Lights front and rear are mandatory when cycling after dark or in poor visibility.
• •Hand signals for turning are required.
• •Cycling under the influence of alcohol is subject to the same limits as driving (0.5 g/L).
• •Cyclists must use cycle lanes where provided.
• •Electric bikes (e-kolesa) up to 25 km/h are treated as bicycles and do not require registration or insurance.
• •Higher-powered e-bikes and e-scooters (above 25 km/h) require registration and insurance as mopeds.

• •Use BicikeLJ (bicikelj.si) for short urban journeys in Ljubljana — very affordable and widely available.
• •Register your bicycle with the police (kolesarnica) or use tracking devices — bike theft exists in Ljubljana.
• •Use proper security: at least one quality U-lock securing both wheel and frame to a fixed object.
• •The Ljubljana to Bled cycling route is iconic and achievable in a day.
• •Many SŽ trains allow bicycles — buy a bike ticket (kolesarska karta) in advance; bikes are not permitted during peak hours.